Death Penalty :: essays research papers

The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the 18th century B.C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for twenty-five different crimes. The death penalty was also part of the Fourteenth Century B.C.s Hittite Code in the Seventh Century B.C.s Draconian Code of Athens, which made death the only punishment for all crimes and in the Fifth Century B.C.s Roman Law of the Twelve Tablets. Death sentences were carried out by such means as crucifixion, drowning, beating to death, burning alive, and impalement. In the Tenth Century A.D., hanging became the usual method of execution in Britain. In the following century, William the Conqueror would not allow persons to be hanged or otherwise executed for any crime, except in times of war. This trend would not last, for in the Sixteenth Century, under the reign of Henry VIII, as many as 72,000 people are estimated to have been executed. Some common methods of execution at that time were b oiling, burning at the stake, hanging, beheading, and drawing and quartering. Executions were carried out for such capital offenses as marrying a Jew, not confessing to a crime, and treason (Bedau 3).The number of capital crimes in Britain continued to rise throughout the next two centuries. By the 1700s, 222 crimes were punishable by death in Britain, including thievery, cutting down a tree, and robbing a rabbit warren. Because of the severity of the death penalty, many juries would not convict defendants if the offense were not serious. This sound to reforms of Britains death penalty. From 1823 to 1837, the death penalty was eliminated for over 100 of the 222 crimes punishable by death (Bender and Leone 16).Britain influenced Americas use of the death penalty to a greater extent than any other country. When European settlers came to the new world, they brought the practice of capital punishment. The first recorded execution in the new colonies was that of Captain George Kendall i n the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1608. Kendall was executed for being a spy for Spain. In 1612, Virginia Governor, Sir Thomas Dale, enacted the Divine, Moral and Martial Laws, which provided the death penalty for even minor offenses such as stealing grapes, killing chickens, and trading with Indians. Laws regarding the death penalty varied from colony to colony. The Massachusetts Bay Colony held its first execution in 1630, even though the uppercase Laws of New England did not go into effect until years later.

Awakening Vs. Greenleaf :: essays research papers

A strong critique by existentialist writers of modern gild is the way in which humans live unexamined, meaningless lives with no true concept of what it is to be an unique individuals. In Kate Chopins novel The Awakening and in Flannery OConnors short story Greenleaf the characters Edna and Mrs. May, respectively, begin almost as common, stock characters living unful modify lives. They eventually converge, however, upon an elevated life and death filled with new meaning through their struggle with their role as individuals surrounded by other important beings. Jesuit philosopher Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881-1948) believed that humankind follows a true evolution of mind and body. This process involves a beginning (komogenese), a rearment (biogenese), and then a peak (noogenese) in which humans reach an Omega maneuver of higher being. Though his ideas were actually applied on a much broader scale of humanity over a large timespan, the theory can be applied to the individuals p rocess of human development. Single humans begin as common clones of one another. From this commonality many examine their lives and develop the things within them that make them uniquely them. This development of the self only can be ended at death when the individual converges upon an Omega Point in which he has an elevated mind of and meaning for life. The characters Edna from The Awakening and Mrs. May from Greenleaf encounter a similar human development in which an individual is formed with an understanding of life. The means by which they achieve this differ greatly. As the novel The Awakening opens, the reader sees Edna Pontellier as one who might seem to be a beaming married woman living a secure, fulfilled life. It is quickly revealed, though, that she is deeply oppressed by a male dominated society, evident through her labor union to Leonce. Edna lives a controlled life in which there is no outlet for her to develop herself as the individual who she is. Her marriage to Leonce was more an act of rebellion from her parents than an act of fuck for Leonce. She cares for him and is fond of him, but had no real love for him. Ednas inability to awaken the person inside her is also shown through her role as a mother-woman. She loves and cares for her children a great deal, but does not fit into the Creole mother-society in which other women baby and over protect their children.

Importance of Osborne in Journeys End by R.C Sheriff Essay -- Journeys

Importance of Osborne in Journeys End by R.C Sheriff From the very beginning of the play, Sheriff put forwards to the audience that Osborne is the father figure and therefore that he is the voice of reason to the early(a) men. We find out that Osborne is a middle-aged man with iron-grey hair. Osborne however is physically in very good shape and is a tall, thin man who is physically as state of warm as nails. As Raleigh enters the audience sees a kind, caring side to Osborne. Sheriff puts across the ideas of Osborne being a family man through his calming conversation with Raleigh, where he tells Raleigh from what way he should look at the war. Theres something rather romantic about it all. Sheriff deliberately decides for the other characters in the play to call Osborne Uncle, this once again shows his maturity and that he quite responsible. He is always there when something needs to be done and he excessively very quick to volunteer to do any jobs th at may come along. Ill do the duty roll and see the sergeant major - and all that. For this the men respect him and therefore call him uncle. Osborne is also quite affluent and may be seen as an intellect. This is shown by the fact that he is a teacher and that he doesnt jump to conclusions about people and their actions. The origin time that the audience meets Osborne is in his conversation with Hardy who is the introducer of the play to the audience. The audience realises that Osborne is in the trench as he tries to take the mens thoughts away from the war and instead focus them of previous lives of things that have nothing to do with the war. Its a nice looking sock.... ... raiding party returns there is chaos amongst the ranks, this could possibly suggest that Stanhope and the other men require Osbornes experience in life and there seems to be a vast emptiness, this is shown by plenty of pauses followed by short, sharp conversations representing chaos. stress is also built as Raleigh naively sits upon Raleighs old bed. Must you sit on Osbornes bed? This shows that without the experienced, peacemaker, Osborne the men begin to have more modify arguments between themselves. In conclusion, therefore, Osborne added a sense of calmness to the abstract position that the men are put into. I believe that Sheriff has accomplished the task of detecting the readers eye through the voice of experience from Osborne.Work CitedSherriff, R. C. Journeys End. New York Brentanos, 1929.

We Must Ban Assault Weapons Essay -- argumentative, persuasive, gun con

The controversy over assault rifles is one of the most tortuous unwraps related to the contributions of gangs, drug traffickers, and most criminal activity. More often than not, criminals build admission to the weapons of their choice more easily than it should be. Getting them from licensed dealers, black markets, and family members homes, the availability of these militia weapons has become to effortless to obtain. The rise of criminal activity is part of the savvy more than one-third of high school students have easy access to a weapon or gun. Four out of five guns brought to school are actu wholey brought from their own homes (Page par 2). This is one of the biggest problems when faced with where criminals get their guns. They each steal them from relatives homes, ask to borrow them, or steal them from licensed sellers. There are a lot of ways people derriere get guns. People who should not be able to purchase a firearm are allowed to, and illegal transactions are also a vast issue with criminals getting their guns. For all these reasons that is why Government should require restricted gun ownership to protect society, prevent crime, and allow for recreational use.Assault weapons have been labeled as the number one source for mass killings in America. The idea that a weapon can fire a large summate of bullets at a remarkable speed can be used for recreational use was thought of otherwise. This type of weaponry was made for one reason and that is to eliminate as many people as possible and accomplish it in a reasonably fast time. The problem is everywhere and to help reign the issue the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence is the nations largest organization dedicated to enacting and enforcing gun... ...laws protect the society. They need to understand that bans and laws work and that they need to be enforced more strictly so the people of the nation can feel safe and protected. The nation has brought many new idea s to try to solve the issue on illegal gun selling and gun traffickers. They have provided with legislation laws on gun control, the declining of allowing fully-automatic weapons to be legal in this country to keep all citizens safe. All of the proposals that legislation has introduced do a great job in monitoring the selling and purchasing of weapons that should not be bought and sold. If the country wants us to be safe and protected by our government, they need to know that bans and laws on assault weapon works and saves lives of the American people and that there needs to be cooperation with them so the bans and laws can stay strict and strong.

Vaulting Ambition in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essays

Vaulting Ambition in Macbeth Can one expect to find in Shakespeares tragic adjoin Macbeth a heavy dose of ambition? Yes, indeed. Such a heavy dose that it is lethal - as we shall describe in this paper. Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete whole works of William Shakespeare interpret the main chemical group of the play as intertwining with evil and ambition While in Hamlet and others of Shakespeares plays we feel that Shakespeare lissome upon and brooded over his thoughts, Macbeth seems as if smitten out at a heat and imagined from first to last with rapidity and power, and a subtlety of workmanship which has become instructive. The theme of the drama is the gradual dash through yielding to evil within and evil without, of a man, who, though from the first tainted by base and aspirant thoughts, yet possessed elements in his nature of possible honor and loyalty. (792) In Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action Francis Fergusson states the place of Macbeths ambition in the action of the play It is the phrase to outrun the pauser, terra firma 2.3, which seems to me to describe the action, or motive, of the play as a whole. Macbeth, of course, literally means that his love for Duncan was so strong and so brisk that it got ahead of his reason, which would have counseled a pause. But in the same track we have seen his greed and ambition outrun his reason when he committed the take out and in the same way all of the characters, in the irrational darkness of Scotlands evil hour, are compelled in their action to strive beyond what they can see by reason alone. evening Malcolm and Macduff, as we shall see, are compelled to go beyond reason in the action which destroys Macbeth and ends the play. ... ...iion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Johnson, Samuel. The Plays of Shakespeare. N.p. n.p.. 1765. Rpt in Shakespearean Tragedy. Bratchell, D. F. new-made York, NY Routledge, 1990. K emble, Fanny. Lady Macbeth. Macmillans Magazine, 17 (February 1868), p. 354-61. Rpt. in Women knowledge Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. http//chemicool.com/Shakespeare/macbeth/full.html, no lin. Siddons, Sarah. Memoranda Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth. The Life of Mrs. Siddons. Thomas Campbell. London Effingham Wilson, 1834. Rpt. in Women Reading Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997. Vaulting Ambition in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essaysVaulting Ambition in Macbeth Can one expect to find in Shakespeares tragic play Macbeth a heavy dose of ambition? Yes, indeed. Such a heavy dose that it is lethal - as we shall see in this paper. Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare interpret the main theme of the play as intertwining with evil and ambition While in Hamlet and others of Shakespeares plays we feel that Shakespeare refined upon and brooded over his thoughts, Macbeth seems as if struck out at a heat and imagined from first to last with rapidity and power, and a subtlety of workmanship which has become instructive. The theme of the drama is the gradual ruin through yielding to evil within and evil without, of a man, who, though from the first tainted by base and ambitious thoughts, yet possessed elements in his nature of possible honor and loyalty. (792) In Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action Francis Fergusson states the place of Macbeths ambition in the action of the play It is the phrase to outrun the pauser, reason 2.3, which seems to me to describe the action, or motive, of the play as a whole. Macbeth, of course, literally means that his love for Duncan was so strong and so swift that it got ahead of his reason, which would have counseled a pause. But in the same way we hav e seen his greed and ambition outrun his reason when he committed the murder and in the same way all of the characters, in the irrational darkness of Scotlands evil hour, are compelled in their action to strive beyond what they can see by reason alone. Even Malcolm and Macduff, as we shall see, are compelled to go beyond reason in the action which destroys Macbeth and ends the play. ... ...iion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Johnson, Samuel. The Plays of Shakespeare. N.p. n.p.. 1765. Rpt in Shakespearean Tragedy. Bratchell, D. F. New York, NY Routledge, 1990. Kemble, Fanny. Lady Macbeth. Macmillans Magazine, 17 (February 1868), p. 354-61. Rpt. in Women Reading Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. http//chemicool.com/Shakespeare/macbeth/full.html, no lin. Siddons, Sarah. Memoranda Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth. The Life of Mrs. Siddons. Thomas Campbell. London Effingham Wilson, 1834. Rpt. in Women Reading Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK Manchester University Press, 1997.

Interpretation :: essays research papers

Humans are set apart from all other animals for peerless reason. We have the power of imagination and thus power to interpret what we read. Therefore, we can argue that the written word is the most meaningful of all types of communication. It is valid to presuppose that if ten people read a book and were asked to retell the book in their own words that wed hear ten different versions of the identical book. In todays society, our interpretations are feared. We might interpret anything contrary to the authors intentional meaning. The author could then possibly be nonresistant for any actions we take after reading his works. Don Quixote is one who consciously decides to interpret his books of chivalry as the right way of life and concurrently decides to sustain his own life in that manner. I remember reading that a certain Spanish horse . . . having broken his sword in battle, tore a great bough or tree branch from an oak(69). Since Don Quixote had read about this particular knigh t, he justifies it to himself that he too could also tear a limb from a tree and uses it as a makeshift lance. When Sancho asks if Don Quixote had any pain, he replies, I do not complain of the painbecause a knight errant is not allowed to complain of any wounds(69-70). Again, Don Quixote is going by a set of rules of chivalry that he obtained from his reading. At night, Don Quixote refuses to sleep just now thought about his Lady Dulcinea, to conform to what he had read in his books about knight errants spending many sleepless nights in the woodland and quit dwelling on the memory of their ladies(70). I do not believe that Don Quixote is mad, as some may say, but that he is only version what he has read to suit him. If Don Quixote were a real human in todays society his family could very well sue the publishers of the books that he read, claiming that the books drove him to insanity and should not have been published. However, if all written works were feared in that context, th en it is also a possible that all books are to be feared. This is shown when Don Quixotes niece helps a priest and a barber to burn Don Quixotes treasured books of chivalry. When the barber suggests that These do not deserve eager with the rest, because they do not and will not do the mischief those books of chivalry have done(61).

Interpretation :: essays research papers

Humans are set apart from each(prenominal) other animals for one reason. We have the actor of imagination and thus power to interpret what we read. Therefore, we can argue that the written word is the most meaningful of all types of communication. It is valid to say that if ten people read a hold back and were asked to retell the book in their own words that wed hear ten different versions of the same book. In todays society, our interpretations are feared. We power interpret anything contrary to the authors intentional meaning. The author could then possibly be liable for any actions we take after reading his works. dress Quixote is one who consciously decides to interpret his books of chivalry as the right way of life and concurrently decides to live his own life in that manner. I come back reading that a certain Spanish knight . . . having broken his sword in battle, tore a great bough or limb from an oak(69). Since feign Quixote had read about this particular knight, he ju stifies it to himself that he too could also tear a limb from a tree and uses it as a impermanent lance. When Sancho asks if have on Quixote had any pain, he replies, I do not complain of the painbecause a knight errant is not allowed to complain of any wounds(69-70). Again, Don Quixote is going by a set of rules of chivalry that he obtained from his reading. At night, Don Quixote refuses to sleep but thought about his Lady Dulcinea, to conform to what he had read in his books about knight errants spending many sleepless nights in the woodland and desert dwelling on the memory of their ladies(70). I do not believe that Don Quixote is mad, as some may say, but that he is only interpreting what he has read to suit him. If Don Quixote were a real human in todays society his family could very well sue the publishers of the books that he read, claiming that the books drove him to insanity and should not have been published. However, if all written works were feared in that context, the n it is also a possible that all books are to be feared. This is shown when Don Quixotes niece helps a priest and a barber to burn Don Quixotes treasured books of chivalry. When the barber suggests that These do not deserve burning with the rest, because they do not and will not do the mischief those books of chivalry have done(61).

The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Eleven

What Jack saw took his breath away.No one comes here exclusively me, mildness verbalise softly. I dont k in a flash why.The light, the ripple by means of with(predicate) the air as the sun slid through the uneven glass of the ancient windowsIn the winter especially, she continued, her voice just a little hesitant, its magic. I cant let off it. I think the sun dips lower. And with the snowIt was the light. It had to be. It was the way the light trembled, and fell on her.His heart clenched. Like a fist it hit him this need, this overwhelming recreateHe could non speak. He could non even begin to articulate it, precisely Jack? she whispered, and it was just enough to break his trance. prettify. It was just one word, but it was a benediction. This went beyond desire, it was need. It was an indefinable, inexplicable, living, pulsing thing indoors him that could only be tamed by her. If he didnt hold her, didnt touch her in that rattling moment, arisething within him would die.To a man who tried to treat life as an endless series of ironies and witticisms, aught could generate been more terrifying.He reached out and roughly pulled her to him. He was not delicate, nor was he gentle. He couldnt be. He couldnt manage it, not now, not when he needed her so desperately.Grace, he said again, because thats what she was to him. It was impossible that hed known her but a day. She was his grace, his Grace, and it was deal she had always been there within him, waiting for him to finally open his eyes and find her.His hands cupped her face. She was a priceless treasure, and yet he could not force himself to touch her with the ralwaysence she deserved. Instead, his fingers were clumsy, his body rough and pounding. Her eyes so clear, so blue he thought he might overcome in them. He precious to drown in them, to lose himself within her and never leave.His lips moved(p) hers, and then of this he was certain he was lost. There was nought more for him but thi s woman, in this moment, maybe even for all his moments thereafter.Jack, she sighed. It was the first time all morning shed used his name, and it sent waves of desire pulsing through his already taut body.Grace, he said in return, because he was afraid to say anything else, afraid that for the first time in his life his glib spiel would fail him, and his lyric would come out wrong. Hed say something and it would mean too little, or perhaps hed say something and it would mean too much. And then she would know, if by some miracle she did not already, that she had bewitched him.He coddleed her hungrily, passionately, with all the fire within him. His hands slid down her acantha, memorizing the gentle slope of her spine, and when he reached the more lush curves of her bottom, he could not help it he pressed her more firmly against him. He was aroused, and wound more tightly than hed ever imagined possible, and all he could think if he was cerebration at all was that he needed he r close, closer. Whatever he could get, whatever he could have right now he would take it.Grace, he said again, one of his hands moving to the spot where her dress touched her skin, just at her collarbone.She flinched at his touch, and he stilled, b bely able to imagine how he would lodge himself away. But her hand covered his, and she whispered, I was surprised.It was only then that he once again breathed.Fingers shaking, he traced the delicately scalloped edge of her bodice. Her pulse seemed to pass over beneath his touch, and never in his life had he been so aware of a single sound the quiet rasp of air, brushing across her lips.You are so beautiful, he whispered, and the amazing thing was that he was not even looking at her face. It was merely her skin, the pale, milky hue of it, the soft blush of tapdance that followed his fingers.Softly, gently, he bowed his head and brushed his lips along the hollow at the base of her throat. She gasped then, or maybe it was a moan, and her head slowly fell back in silent agreement. Her tree branchs were around him and her hands in his hair, and then, without even considering what it meant, he swept her into his arms and carried her across the room, to the low, wide settee that sat near the window, bathed in the magical sunlight that had seduced them both.For a moment, kneeling at her side, he could do nix but look at her, then one of his shakiness hands reached forth to stroke her cheek. She was staring up at him, and in her eyes there was wonder, and anticipation, and yes, a little queasyness.But there was also trust. She wanted him. Him. No one else. She had never been kissed before, of that he was certain. She could have done. Of that he was even more certain. A woman of Graces beauty did not reach her age without having refused (or rebuffed) triple advances.She had waited. She had waited for him.Still kneeling beside her, he bent to kiss her, his hand moving down the side of her face to her shoulder, the n to her hip. His passion grew deeper, and hers, too she was returning his kiss with an unschooled eagerness that unexpended him breathless with desire.Grace, Grace, he moaned, his voice lost in the warmth of her mouth. His hand found the hem of her dress and then slid chthonic, prehensile the slender circle of her ankle. And then upupto her knee. And higher. Until he could bear it no longer, and he locomote to the settee himself, partially covering her with his own body.His lips had moved to her neck, and he felt her sharply indrawn breath on his cheek. But she did not say no. She did not cover his hand with hers and bring him to a stop. She did nothing but whisper his name and arch her hips beneath him.She couldnt have known what the movement had meant, could never have known what it would do to him, but that ever-so-slight cart beneath him, rising up against his own desire, brought him to the very peak of need.He kissed his way down her neck, to the gentle swell of her breas t, his lips finding the very spot at the edge of her bodice that his fingers had so recently traveled. He lifted himself away from her, just a bit, just enough so he could slide his finger under the hem and slide it down, or maybe push her up whichever was needed to free her to his devotion.But just when his hand had moved toward his destination, just when hed had one brilliant second to cup the goodness of her, skin to skin, the stiff edge peaking in his palm, she cried out. Softly, with surprise.And dismay.No, I cant. With jerky movements she scrambled to her feet, righting her dress. Her hands were shaking. More than shaking. They seemed filled with a foreign, nervous energy, and when he looked in her eyes, it was as if a knife had pierced him.It was not revulsion, it was not fear. What he saw was anguish.Grace, he said, moving toward her. What is wrong?Im sorry, she said, stepping back. I I shouldnt have. Not now. Not until One of her hands flew up to cover her mouth.Not u ntil? Grace? Not until what?Im sorry, she said again, confirming his belief that those were the worst two words in the English language. She bobbed a quick, perfunctory curtsy. I must go.And then she ran from the room, leaving him quite alone. He stared at the empty doorway for a full minute, trying to figure out just what had happened. And it was only when he finally stepped into the hall that he realized he hadnt a clue how to get back to his bedchamber.Grace dashed through Belgrave, half walking, half skippingrunningwhatever it was she needed to do to reach her room with the most equal balance of hauteur and speed. If the servants saw her and she couldnt imagine they didnt they seemed positively everywhere this morning they must have wondered at her distress.The dowager would not expect her. Surely she would think she was still showing Mr. Audley the house.Grace had at least an hour before she might need to show her face.Dear God, what had she done? If she had not finally reme mbered herself, remembered who he was, and who he might be, she would have let him continue. Shed wanted it. Shed wanted it with a fervor that had shocked her. When hed taken her hand, when hed pulled her to him, he awakened something within her.No. It had been awakened two nights earlier. On that moonlit night, standing outside the carriage, something had been born within her. And nowShe sat upon her bed, wanting to bury herself in the covers but instead just sitting there, staring at the wall. There was no going back. One couldnt ever not have been kissed once the deed was done.With a nervous breath, maybe even a phrenetic laugh, she covered her face with her hands. Could she possibly have chosen anyone less suitable with whom to fall in love? Not that this was the measure of her feelings, she hastened to reassure herself, but she was not so much of a fool that she could not recognize her leanings. If she let herselfIf she let himShe would fall in love.Good heavens.Either he was a highwayman, and now she was destined to be the consort of an outlaw, or he was the true Duke of Wyndham, which meant She laughed because really, this was funny. It had to be funny. If it wasnt funny, then it could only be tragic, and she didnt think she could manage that just now.Wonderful. Perhaps she was move in love with the Duke of Wyndham. Now that was appropriate. Lets see, how many ways was this a disaster? He was her employer, for one, he owned the house in which she lived, and his rank was so further above hers as to be nearly immeasurable.And then there was Amelia. She and Thomas certainly did not suit, but she had every right to expect that she would be the Duchess of Wyndham upon her marriage. Grace could not imagine how crass and overreaching she would appear to the Willoughbys her good friends if she were seen to be throwing herself at the new duke.Grace closed her eyes and touched the tips of her fingers to her lips. If she breathed deeply enough she almost rel axed. And she could almost still feel his presence, his touch, the warmth of his skin.It was awful.It was wonderful.She was a fool.She lay down, let out a long, moily breath. Funny how shed hoped for change, for something to break the sameness of her days attending to the dowager. Life was a mocking sort of thing, wasnt it? And loveLove was the cruelest joke of all.Lady Amelia is here to see you, Miss Eversleigh.Grace move upright, blinking furiously. She must have fallen asleep. She could not recall the last time she had done so at midday. Lady Amelia? she echoed, surprised. With Lady Elizabeth?No, miss, the maid informed her. She is alone.How curious. Grace sat up, flexing her feet and hands to awaken her body. Please tell her I shall be right there. She waited for the maid to depart, then went to her small mirror to straighten her hair. It was worsened than shed feared, although she could not be certain whether it had been mussed in sleep or by Mr.Audley.She felt her skin flu sh at the memory, and she groaned at that. Gathering her determination, she repinned her hair and left the room, walking as briskly as she could, as if speed and a set of squared shoulders could keep all of her worries at bay.Or at the very least, make her look as if she did not care.It did seem odd that Amelia would come to Belgrave without Elizabeth. Grace did not know that she had ever done so before. Certainly not to see her. Grace wondered if her original intention had been to call upon Thomas, who was, as far as she knew, still out.She hurried down the stairs, then turned to make for the reckon drawing room. But shed not taken more than a dozen steps before someone grabbed her arm and yanked her into a side room.Thomas she exclaimed. It was thence he, somewhat haggard and sporting a nasty bruise under his left eye. His appearance was a shock she had never seen him looking so ruffle up before. His shirt was wrinkled, his cravat missing, and his hair had most definitely not b een styled a la Brutus.Or even a la human.And then there were his eyes, which were most uncharacteristically red-rimmed.What happened to you?He move a finger to his lips and shut the door. Were you expecting someone else? he asked, and her cheeks grew warm. Indeed, when shed felt a strong male hand close around her arm and pull, she had assumed it was Mr. Audley, trying to steal a kiss.Her flush grew deeper as she realized she had been disappointed to realize that it was not.No, of course not, she said quickly, even though she suspected he knew she was lying. She quickly glanced around the room to see if they were alone. What is wrong?I needed to speak with you before you see Lady Amelia.Oh, then you know she is here?I brought her, he confirmed.Her eyes widened. That was news. He had been out all night and was considerably worse for the wear.She glanced at a nearby clock. It was not yet even noon. When could he have collected Amelia? And where?And why?It is a long story, he said, c learly to cut her off before she could ask any questions. But suffice it to say, she give inform you that you were in Stamford this morning, and you invited her back to Belgrave.Her brows rose. If he was asking her to lie, it was very serious, hence. Thomas, any number of people know quite well that I was not in Stamford this morning.Yes, but her mother is not among that number.Grace wasnt sure if she should be shocked or delighted. Had he compromised Amelia? Why else would they need to lie to her mother? Er, Thomas she began, diffident of how to proceed. I feel I must tell you, given the number of delays thus far, I would imagine that Lady Crowland would be delighted to know Oh for Gods sake, it is nothing like that, he muttered. Amelia assisted me home when I was he blushed then. Blushed Thomas impaired.Grace bit her lip to keep from smiling. It was quite remarkable what a nice image that was Thomas allowing himself to be anything less than perfectly composed. That was most charitable of her, she said, perhaps a little too primly. But really, it couldnt be helped.He glared at her, which only made it more difficult to maintain an even face.She cleared her throat. Have you, er, considered tidying up?No, he snapped, I rather enjoy looking like a slovenly fool.Grace winced at that.Now listen, he continued, looking terribly determined. Amelia will repeat what I have told you, but it is imperative that you not tell her about Mr. Audley.I would never do that, Grace said quickly. It is not my place.Good.But she will want to know why you were, er Oh, dear, how to put it politely?You dont know why, he said firmly. Just tell her that. Why would she suspect that you would know more?She knows that I consider you a friend, Grace said. And furthermore, I live here. Servants always know everything. She knows that.Youre not a servant, he muttered.I am and you know it, she replied, almost amused. The only difference is that I am allowed to wear finer clothing and occas ionally converse with the guests. But I assure you, I am privy to all of the household gossip.For several seconds he did nothing but stare, as if waiting for her to laugh and say, Only joking Finally he muttered something under his breath that she was quite certain she was not meant to understand (and indeed she did not servants gossip was occasionally risque, but it was never profane).For me, Grace, he said, his eyes boring into hers, will you please just tell her you dont know?It was the closest she had ever heard him come to begging, and it left her disoriented and acutely uncomfortable. Of course, she said quickly. You have my word.He nodded briskly. Amelia will be expecting you.Yes. Yes, of course. Grace hurried to the door, but when her hand touched the knob, she found she was not quite ready to go. She turned around, taking one last look at his face.He was not himself. No one could beak him it had been a most extraordinary two days. But still, it worried her.Will you be all right? she asked.And immediately regretted that she had done so. His face seemed to move, and twist, and she could not be sure if he was going to laugh or cry. But she did know that she did not want to be witness to either.No, dont answer that, she mumbled, and she ran from the room.

Macbeth: Reasons For The Development Of Insanity Essay

Insanity, as defined as an inability to act rationally, develops some commonly in individuals as a resolution to conditions with which the mind is unable to cope. Prolonged or intense, sudden psychological trauma always results in denial or repression in some form or another, both of which cause the individual to gradually lose their grip on reality. In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, as the chaos and guilt caused by their humble actions increases, the prevalent characters deteriorate into insanity. Macbeth, peeress Macbeth, and Macduff slip into delusion and desperate acts as an outlet for their growing disgust with both themselves and the consequences of their actions.The play opens with a description of disconsolate war, in the thick of which is Macbeth, alluding to the dangerous internal conflict going on within him- he is at once consumed by ambition, yet completely missing in the self-confidence to support it. Macbeths weak character, marked by his inability to m ake decisions that are not black and white in temperament and his susceptibility to persuasion, is clearly displayed in his constant need for reassurance from outside influences and his expression of desire that his actions could have no consequence,If it were done when tis done, then twere welltwere done quickly. If thassassinationCould trammel up the consequence and catchWith his surcease, success, that scarce this blowMight be the be-all and the end-all here. (I.vii.1-5)Since this is obviously impossible, he attempts to break the murder of Duncan down into the most basic and acceptable cause and effect- his ambition. If there are no tangible affirmations for the immoral actions that Macbeths ambition prompts he invents them, such as the bloody pricker he imagines leads him to kill Duncan. In any case, Macbeth attempts to evade the consequences of his morally ambiguous decisions by shifting their perceivable source to either his wife or the charming world, in his mind effectu ally making him only a pawn to the whims of fate. As Macbeth contemplates Duncans virtues and other compelling moral reasons for aborting the crime, His virtues will plead worry angels, trumpet-tongued against the deep damnation of his taking-off, (I.vii.18-20) morality seems to be the most complicating factor in the decision to commit murder and thus, is in addition the biggest obstacle to his ambition.So, to simplify things, Macbeth allows his moral arguments to be rejected. However, once he sets his morals aside, he cannot regain them, I am in blood stepped in so far that should I wade no more(prenominal), returning were as tedious as go oer. Strange things I have in head that will to hand, which must be acted ere they whitethorn be scanned. (III.iv.136-140) At this point Macbeth admits that his actions are too horrific to ever be for leaven, therefore the only avenue of action go away to him that he perceives is to handle along the path he is already following.He can no lon ger tolerate being a walking contradiction feeling vast guilt for the murders he commits, but all the time plot of landting more to salve his paranoia of being found out. To remedy this, Macbeth resolves to suppress his conscience completely, turning him irrevocably savage from this point on, possibly with the aid of a hard whack to his forehead1. Macbeths abrupt turn of mood, from paranoid depression to opusic delusion, is directly related to the prophecies of the werd sisters that give him the false confidence he needs for affirmation of his actions and therefore solidifies his denial.Previously, as Macbeth begins to doubt that hiring murders to kill Banquo and Fleance will absolve him of the guilt, he subconsciously vents his horror at his action through the hallucination of Banquos ghost, while at the same time trying desperately to convince himself otherwise, Thou canst not say I did it never shake thy gory locks at me (III.iv.50-51) These fits of paranoia are products of Ma cbeths feelings of guilt that only compound as Macbeth tries to suppress them, surfacing in hallucinations that threaten to collapse him and a violent defence mechanism of murdering anyone that could be perceived as a threat.Macbeth seems to sense that it is only a matter of time originally cunning himself into an illusion of security fails. As everyone, including his wife, continually abandons him, Macbeth sinks into a mood of nihilism that follows his psychological pattern of denial and justification by allowing him to claim that if life is lastly without consequence then his crimes are also meaningless,Lifes but a walking shadow, a poor playerThat struts and frets his hour upon the stage,And then is perceive no more. It is a taleTold by an idiot, full of sound and fury,Signifying nothing. (IV.v.23-27)Against all rational logic, Macbeth concludes that he is innocent of any permanently damning acts, but also that life holds no further purpose for him.Like her husband, brothel keeper Macbeth learns that there is such a thing as guilt by association. She is plagued by the fellowship that she herself did not kill Duncan, but is directly responsible for his death. Before the murder of Duncan, she has a misguided impression of aggression and violence as inherent potent traits, and draws the conclusion that anyone truly masculine should be able to commit murder without repercussions on their conscience. Her compulsive need to wash herself clean of imaginary blood indicates that, inappropriate her husband who can respond to the nagging of his conscience by pushing it away completely, she cannot forgive herself, nor force herself to forget her culpability. Also, unlike Macbeth who nullifies his guilt, she magnifies her own to the point where it consumes her. perchance Lady Macbeth can sense the irony of her inability to cleanse herself of Duncans imaginary, yet permanently staining blood, Yet who would have thought the old man to have so much blood on him? (V .i.33-34) when earlier she scolds Macbeth for making the same claim, A little water clears us of this deed. How easy is it then (II.ii.70-71) Indeed, Lady Macbeths decline into insanity is marked most sharply by her contrast to both her earlier character and the character now being taken up by her husband, suggesting that if she listens to the his reservations, she can avoid the mental turmoil that she experiences later.However, Lady Macbeth expects that the amount of urging Macbeth requires to kill the first time is indicative of an inability to plot further murders. Instead she is constantly reminded of the atrocity she instigated by Macbeths insistence to raise the body count as high as possible. Disillusionment more than anything else is what pushes her over the brink of insanity and into an agony of anxiety and despair gaining the throne does not bring her happiness, nor does it justify Duncans death.Accompanied only by Lady Macbeth, Macduff is the only other character that ad mits responsibility for their actions. Macduffs sanity is severely shaken by the sudden shock of learning that his entire family has been cruelly kill at Macbeths orders. He responds with passionate grief and regret for leaving them at Macbeths mercy, while he himself flees beyond Macbeths reach. When compared with the reactions of Ross and Malcolm, Macduff seems almost hysterical, but justifiably so.It is Ross and Malcolm that seem to have disproportionate emotion. Malcolms claims that Macduff should avenge the murder of his family by challenging Macbeth are fraught with hypocrisy, since Malcolm himself flees when his own father is murdered kinda of taking his own advice. His urgings to Macduff seem to come from selfish means, (he needs an army with which to defeat Macbeth) instead of any real concern for the grief that Macduff is feeling. Macduff expresses his exasperation at Malcolms disregard and his feelings of culpability for provoking the tyrannical Macbeths wraith,But I mu st also feel it as a manI cannot but remember such things wereThat were most precious to me. Did heaven look on,And would not take their part? Sinful Macduff,They were all struck for thee. (IV.iii.224-228)Eventually Macduff does break to Malcolms requests as it becomes increasingly apparent that he will not receive the sympathy he seeks from anyone. Indeed Macduff throws himself into the aim with obsessive vigour, having nothing left to live for. Macduffs frantic charge to meet in a fight to the death with his nemesis seems to mirror his Macbeths own nihilistic mood- however, Macduffs willingness to die originates from despair rather than apathy.In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the main characters stew in guilt upon realization of the aftermath of their actions, driving them to insanity. In that uncomplete Macbeth, nor Lady Macbeth, nor Macduff can escape the mental anguish as consequence of their actions, Shakespeare effectively hits home the idea that one should thoro ughly check their conscience before they act.

Redemption and survival Essay

The novel by Victor Hugo entitled Les Miserables is story that looks into the life of prat Valjean and his exploits towards awakening, redemption and survival. It depicts his transformation from a galley captive towards a new man. It conveys the incompatible decisions and actions committed by a man towards choosing his path in life. Likewise, there are other characters that intertwine and provide pertinent impact in Jean Valjeans life and growth as an individual.Moreover, the setting of the story outlines the signifi targetce of societal factors that has been influential in the creation of decisions and actions that transpired in the duration of the story. Analyzing the different themes presented by Hugo in this story, one significant element in present in the idea is the element of morals, values, and perceptions. Looking at it, John Valjean is convicted because of stealing bread and was sent to the galleys. Upon his escape, he became aware of the prejudice and bias that society has given him.In here, Hugo was able to showcase the transformation of Jean Valjean from a criminal into an honest man with the help of the Bishop Myriel. Hugo mentions this in the novel by saying that Jean Valjean, my brother, you no longer belong to evil, but to good. It is your soul I am buying for you. I withdraw it from dark thoughts and from the spirit of perdition, and I give it to God (p. 106). Another significant element that makes the book worth meter reading is its ability to showcase that amidst the presence of darkness and suffering, redemption do happens and it creates and avenues for change to occur.This was evident in the novel as different books presented these ideas in a different manner. For example, the suffering of Fantine and Cosette to survive was alleviated by Jean Valjeans adoption of Cosette. Likewise, the suffering of Jean Valjean for acceptance and worth was compensated by becoming the city manager M. Madeleine and serving the needs of people. The abil ity of the story to present the realities and harshness of life is also an interesting part to consider.Hugo was able to outline the significant areas that surround ones mastermind as he synthesizes them and provides the development for the characters. This was stated when Hugo said that The generation now having its passing turn on earth is not compelled to abridge it for the generations, its equals after all, that willing have their turn afterward . . . Hence, at certain periods, a deep chill on the magnanimous vanguard of the human race. (p. 1242). Exploring on the idea of change, I would have to agree with the idea of Hugo that it happens because of ones ability to decide for their own.Whatever the outcome may be, it is their relevant that individuals use it for their own growth. This is the process for one to cultivate the union of humanity and what its supposed to be. As Hugo argues, from one end to the other in its whole and in its details, whatever the omissions, the exc eptions, or the faults is the march from evil to good, from blemish to justice, from the false to the true, from night to day, from appetite to conscience, from rottenness to life, from brutality to duty, from Hell to Heaven, from nothingness to God (p. 1242).Lastly, I would have to agree with the notion of Hugo that time and love can transcend betrayal and deception. This has been present and evident in various situations experienced by Jean Valjean. One significant example is the advert which says by which the indite reversed on the blotter was corrected by the mirror and presented its original form and Jean Valjean had beneath his eyes the letter Cosette had written Marius the evening forward It was simple and devastating (p. 1152).Though this situation did happen, Jean Valjean began to accept Marius as his own which came to a point of even rescuing him from the conflict and struggle. This is one manifestation of how the boilers suit idea of love can help overcome and provi de new avenues for change. By reading this book, I came to appreciate the situations happening around. It gave me the idea that our decisions can impress what our lives would be in the future.Likewise, it is through love, compassion and forgiveness that individuals, groups, and societies can overcome the hurdles and challenges brought about by pain, deception, deceit and violence. Overall, the book offers various areas that open up the mind of readers of the possibilities and realities that are happening. Hugo was able to convey a mixture of feelings that cultivate a total experience once reading the novel. In here, he combines the well-known(prenominal) facets of politics, religion, romance, and social situations that make the process of understanding significant and timeless in its own right.To conclude, the themes and issues presented in the book can be summarized by Hugos quote which says The history of men is reflected in the history of cloacae (p. 1462). In here, it just sho ws how one can grow and pursue life depending on what we take inside. It means that the actions, values, ideals, and perceptions that we adjust and acquire dictate what we are and what we can become. This influences our actions and decisions in life as we find new ways to live according to the standards and changes happening.

Law Factual Summary

F genuine Summary Susie is a minor, who choose to meet friends at a park at 1 1 pm, when the city law clearly body politics that a curfew is enforced for any oneness after 1 1 pm in the park. military officer ruthless enforced the law, but and the law also states that a soulfulness can ride In back of a camper with no groundwork belt. Jerry a minor with little to no driving k immediatelyledge skills was giving Susie and Kathy a ride. The total time from the Incident to when the truck got In accident was 1 hour and a half, Susie lived a mile from the park.The officer loud of either escorted Susie home thus not causing the Incident, or let her walk. But In the end each soulfulness Is entitled to their mistakes. Legal Issues In the case of Susie v City of Elsewhere and officer Ruthless, Is It negligence In the part of Susie and her friends crafty that they were violating the 1 1 mammary gland curfew for being In the park? Was Officer Ruthless also at displacement for neglecting the comment that Susie stated to him, she only lived a few blocks from the park, and not escorting or letting her go home to prevent the accident?The final questions, I as a Judge would ask, is during the one and half hour time span from when the minors were told to leave the park by Officer Ruthless, What events occurred to make the driver get in an accident? Did the minors partake in illegal activities, I. E. Drinking and driving, or illegal drugs? Was there a toxicology report filed from the scene of the crime? There are many avenues of come up that I as a Judge would need to know such as reports to justly handle and file who is at fault in this case.Without the actual evidence from both sides, it will be unclear to know who is liable and who is not. Legal Concept This case is based on the legal concept of minors breaking the law, which in this matter was the 1 1 Mom curfew. They had known of this law and yet morally choose not to obey it, and instead of departure home as i nstructed by Officer Ruthless, Susie Marks, and her two friends decided to hang out for another hour and a half, thus resulting in the accident. In the state which this case is filed in, the law states it is k to have a passenger ride in the cab of the truck without a settable.Certain laws need to be revamped since this is clearly now a safe way to transport passengers, especially after midnight, when most accidents tend to occur. Analysis/Conclusion With properly reading the statements from both Susie Marks and Officer Ruthless, It Is clear that even though the Officer had told all the parties involved with Susie to leave, they choose to do other activities not relating to the park. The City of Elsewhere and Officer Ruthless cannot be at fault for the time between 1 1 MOM and the time of the accident.The officer did his Job by obeying the laws and guidelines and Susie and her friends clearly did what they wanted to and as a result got Involved In the accident. Justice is guile but It Is the duty of each Individual to look out for one another In the beguile of life. Negligence on Susie Marks and her friends behalf led to the accident. Law Factual Summary By greengrocerys ruthless enforced the law, but and the law also states that a person can ride in back was giving Susie and Kathy a ride.The total time from the incident to when the truck to in accident was 1 hour and a half, Susie lived a mile from the park. The officer could of either escorted Susie home thus not causing the incident, or let her walk, but in the end each person is entitled to their mistakes. Legal Issues In the case of Susie v City of Elsewhere and Officer Ruthless, is it negligence in the part of Susie and her friends knowing that they were violating the 1 1 Mom curfew for being in the park? Was Officer Ruthless also at fault for neglecting the comment especially after midnight, when most accidents tend to occur.Analysis/Conclusion With properly reading the statements from both Susie Mark s and Officer Ruthless, it is clear that even though the Officer had told all the parties involved with Susie to and Officer Ruthless cannot be at fault for the time between 1 1 MOM and the time of and her friends clearly did what they wanted to and as a result got involved in the accident. Justice is blind but it is the duty of each individual to look out for one another in the interest of life. Negligence on Susie Marks and her friends behalf led

Multi-faceted character Essay

In Shakespeares The Tempest, Prospero has been represented variously as a good, caring man or as a manipulating, shifty puppeteer. Compare and contrast how he has been represented and make your conclusion as to what kind of char sufficeer Prospero actually is. A-Prospero, the protagonist of Shakespeares Tempest, has been variously presented as a kind, wise man as well as an uncaring, power hungry tyrant. A very real and multifaceted character with plenty of colorize shades, Prospero has been seen as some as a manifestation of the play writer himself.I believe that, although Prospero has his faults, all his seemingly pachydermal actions are directed towards a happy ending for every one. The best side of his personality is reserved for his daughter, Miranda. Though he is, at times, domineering towards her (Hence Hang not on my garments ) he applauds her deeply. He tells her that he done nothing but in care of her, and all his actions are for her benefit ad to secure her future. H e calls her a cherubin and uses various terms of endearment for her wench which bring out his love for her. However, Prospero also meddles a lot with his daughters emotions.She is led to fall in love with Ferdinand, and Prosperos comments, It goes on, I see shows that the relationship is all part of his attain plan. He spies on her clandestine meeting with Ferdinand, and he is, often, a puppet master and she is his puppet, docile and obedient. This underlines the control he has over her, and his lust for power, but he is redeemed by the fact that he is doing it all for her good, after all, the end justifies the direction. His test for Ferdinand is because Elizabethan romantic convention holds that a mans love must be proved to be true through feats of tests.Towards his anomic brother, Antonio, and his companions, Prospero is less kind. He subjects them to mental torture by conjuring a violent tempest, leading them to believe they are ship wrecked. He is portrayed as a master pup peteer manipulating his puppets as he watches the company blunder about the island. only if however sinister his attitude was, the fact remained that Prospero instructed Ariel to keep them unharmed. His patronise praise of Gonzalo, honest old lord shows the audience that he does not really intend any malice. He did not want to use somatogenetic violence, even though it could be justified by the cruel actions of Antonio.Even though Antonio is a thoroughly bad character, Prosperos lack of violence redeems him to the audience. At the end of the play, Prospero forgives all his misdeed that had taken place and it is this forgiveness that labels him as a kind wise man. The only time Prospero shows a truly dreadful side to his character is when he deals with Caliban. He hurls epithets such as tortoise and earth to him and inflicts him with cramps and side stitches. Caliban terror on seeing Stephano shows the fear instilled in him by Prosperos touchs.Prosperos actions towards Caliban a re also, however, justified. Calibans attempted rape of Miranda and his repulsive desire to people the island with Calibans rightly earns a harsh punishment from Prospero. The only unjustified act of Prospero is that he seems to put too much(prenominal) stock by Calibans birth and appearance. He calls him a freckled whelp, hag born. But even here, the prevailing Elizabethan belief was that anyone so misshapen was evil and deserved to be treated as such. Towards his other servant, the airy and light Ariel, Prospero is much kinder.He frequently calls her a brave spirit and my tricksy Ariel, using possessive pronouns to signal acceptance and pride. The only time he is angry with Ariel is when the spirit demand its freedom, just when Prosperos master plan is about to unfold. He is understandably angry she is the key to a plan he has waited twelve old age to operate and it is an opportunity not be given again. Prospero is a man who is multi-faceted and perhaps that is why he is so huma n. Though he has shades of grey, he is essentially a good man, who has been usurped of his dukedom.Shakespeare realised that Prospero was dealing with great evil, and could not afford to be too good and therefore nai ve. He had to be pen as a firm, stern man who knew what he wanted and how to achieve it. Prospero may have manipulated his daughter, but only to restore her future and her status. He is callous to Ariel, but promises to set it free. He leads the company all over the island, but reunites them in the end. Alls well that ends well and Prospero delivers, restoring his dukedom, marrying the lovers and ensuring happy endings.

American Mafia

According to Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, The American Mafia especi every last(predicate)y Five Families has its origins in Italian Cosa Nostra. The American Cosa Nostra underwent many changes at the hands of obtuse Hand gangs around 1900s, Five Points Gang during 1910s and twenties in bracing York City and Al Capones Syndicate in 1920s in Chicago. Two factions of organized crime emerged by the end of 1920s leading to Castellamarese war for gaining control over organized crime in New York City. Murder of Joseph Masseria, leader of one of the factions ended the war uniting the both factions.First leader of the American Mafia Salvatore Maranzano established a code of conduct, family divisions and structure. He alike established certain procedures to resolve disputes but was murdered within six months. Charles Lucky Luciano took over the reins and set up a Commission consisting of bosses from six or seven families for managing their activities. According to Binder, Jim Colosimo or Big Jim was considered the most powerful gangster and led a multi-ethnic group, with Italian, Jewish, Irish, Greek and new(prenominal) members. In May 1920 he was probably shot dead by Frankie Yale under contract John Torrio. John Torrio took over and united major local gangs dividing the liquor business in Chicago city to a stable state and profitability. The other major gangs during this period in Chicago were conjugation Siders led by Dion OBanion, the Guilfoyle gang, the Gennas in Little Italy, the West Side ODonnells, the Druggan-Lake gang, the Saltis-McErlane gang and the Sheldon gang. Torrio under the guidance of Capone took over brothels in Cicero and managed the largest area covering the South Side and major suburbs occupying the southeastward and west of the city.Problems started when a gang tried to increase its profits by not following the agreement strictly and entered neighboring gangs territory. clangoring bringween Gennas and the OBanion gang led to the murde r of OBanion in November 1924 starting off prohibition gang wars. The Sheldon gang, the Gennas, the Druggan and Lake, the Guilfoyle and later the Circus Gang were all allies of Torrio-Capone. Chicago Heights joined Capone in 1926 and controlled Joliet and major areas east of Indiana and south of Chicago. Torrio was succeeded by Al Capone in 1925.Gennas under Hymie Weiss surrendered subsequently their leadership was attacked by North Siders and the Gennas rackets such as Unione Siciliana were taken over by Al Capone appointing Tony Lombardo as Unione president. The West Side ODonnells joined ranks with Capone in 1926 after a short lived gang war. Similarly Sheldon gang too joined Capone after Danny Stanton left the town. Gang wars continued for several years and North Siders lost Hymie Weiss in October 1926, nothing remarkable was noticed until the St. Valentines Day Massacre in 1929.Now let us consider organized portentous gangs during this period run by Italian, Jewish and Irish gangsters operating from Harlem, New York and a few loosely run black gangs concentrated primarily on policy and lottery gambling, prostitution and drugs. Bell stated that over 200,000 blacks returned after World War I to Harlem expecting better pay, better housing and equality. But they accomplished very soon that whites had not changed and found some of the worst low paying menial jobs such as that of janitors, bootblacks, cooks, houseboys and baggage handlers.They were paid very slight compared to a white person doing the same work. The housing situation too was worst Harlem an overcrowded and segregated community accommodated more than 250,000 citizens in 50 blocks long and 8 blocks wide area with more than 5,000 people staying in one block. The people were compelled to sleep in shifts. Blacks suffered the most with Racism, race riots and labor riots being the order of the day. Things travel from bad to worse with the passage of 18th Amendment to the constitution banning sale of alcoholic beverageic beverages by the Congress on January 20, 1920.Establishments primarily depending on the sale of these products (alcoholic beverages) were compelled to experience the shutters across the nation. These developments marked the beginning of the infamous Roaring Twenties one of the countrys darkest periods when the mob, the crooked politicians and the gangsters ruled. Taking advantage of the fact that consumption of alcohol was a fall in of American culture and people could not stop drinking due to prohibition, the mob and the crooked entrepreneurs il effectively transported the alcoholic beverages from the Canadian parry and at times even manufactured beer and liquor.The overt exclusion of blacks from the nations economic, social and political processes only served to foment alternative means toward becoming a part of established idealized factions. Blacks were suppressed to the maximum possible extent by denying good jobs, influential political positions, a dvanced education, nice homes, equal social give-and-take and benefits. Thus most of the black Americans took to illegal means to compensate for the economic denials.Black crime was independent initially with traditional thievery, gambling, prostitution and robbery, but later two key factors Bolito (the subjugates game) and drugs led to evolvement of organized crime. Bets could be placed from any where such as parlors, bars, restaurants, pool halls, barber shops, drugstores and even from their homes, more than 800 runners or bet collectors hurried places to collect and place bets on behalf of customers in 30 policy banks. The policy bankers became the richest and started extending loans and finance to Harlem residents, which the blacks could not expect from whites operated financial institutions.The big time number operators included James Warner, Stephanie St. Clair, Casper Holstein, Wilfred Brandon, Jose Miro, Joseph Ison, Masjoe Ison and Simeon Francis. By 1928 the numbers game became most profitable and the arrests on this count also increased. Profits were reported to the elected representatives through law officials and these corrupt elected politicians had strong links with mobs syndicate led by white gangsters. Corruption ran throughout New Yorks law enforcement, legal and political systems, including bondsmen, high-ranking police officials, judges, lawyers and politicians. To protect themselves the night clubs, businesses, bars, pimps, whores, gamblers, bankers and number runners started paying huge kickbacks. Democratic Party boss in Manhattan, James J. Hines had links with gangster and beer baron Dutch Schultz. Schultz and fellow Murder Inc. gangsters Lucky Luciano, Frank Costello, Owney Madden, Bugsy Siegel, Joe Adonis and Meyer Lansky started fetching over Harlems numbers racket. Short gang wars that erupted due to taking over and syndication led to an estimated 40 murders and 6 kidnappings. By late 1928 a fare of 20 policy banks remained ou t of 40 and most of the bankers retired mysteriously.Dutch Schultz was in total control and called King of Harlem Bankers From the discussion above it is clear that organized crime had flourished in American society basically due to prohibition which was in expressive style from 1920 to 1933 and every affluent individual was either directly or indirectly involved in illegal activities such as illicit liquor trafficking, prostitution, aid of brothel houses and having ties with mafia bosses. It is now clear that removal of prohibition led to a reduction in one of the evils i. e. , illegal liquor trafficking, but other illegal activities do continue carried out even to this day.References Cosa Nostra. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2006). Retrieved on phratry 21, 2006 from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cosa_Nostra John Binder. The Chicago Outfit (2003). Arcadia Publishing. Page nos. 27 to 42. Walter A. Bell. brief History. Court TV. Crime Library. Criminal Minds and Methods. Bla ck gangs of Harlem (2005). Retrieved on September 21, 2006 from http//www. crimelibrary. com/gangsters_outlaws/gang/harlem_gangs/index. html Walter A. Bell. The Roaring Twenties. Court TV. Crime Library. Criminal Minds and Methods. Black gangs of Harlem (2005).Retrieved on September 21, 2006 from http//www. crimelibrary. com/gangsters_outlaws/gang/harlem_gangs/2. html Walter A. Bell. The Numbers Game. Court TV. Crime Library. Criminal Minds and Methods. Black gangs of Harlem (2005). Retrieved on September 21, 2006 from http//www. crimelibrary. com/gangsters_outlaws/gang/harlem_gangs/3. html Walter A. Bell. The Takeovers and Syndication. Court TV. Crime Library. Criminal Minds and Methods. Black gangs of Harlem (2005). Retrieved on September 21, 2006 from http//www. crimelibrary. com/gangsters_outlaws/gang/harlem_gangs/6. html

Primark and Blockbuster Describe the main aims and objectives of the business

Describe the briny begins and objectives of the blood and the external factors which cod affected the ability of the traffic to contact its aims and objectives.-Analyse how marketing activities, enterprise skills and teams film contributed to the success of the line of workTask 1 Aims and ObjectivesAll Businesses defy a variety of intentions that they aim to arrive at and most line of credites do achieve their goals. When they do they set their business enterprise with a much(prenominal)(prenominal) bigger goal that they im f both a leave-taking then try and grant. The common aims of business atomic number 18 to aim to involve salary so that the owner post expand the business even bigger and which go away influence the way that they be defend. somewhat of the common aims argon stated above and also explained in details below.The business I founder chosen is Primark. First Primark terminal was opened in June 1969 in Mary Street which is where the Headquarter is also located. The business sells a variety of c chewhing, shoes and home w atomic number 18 such as curtains, pillows/cushions, rugs and simple bathroom equipment e.g. flush toilet seats. Primark has 238 and 156 parentage simply in United Kingdom, 38 Stores in Ireland and etc.Also read The twaddle of an Eyewitness Essay AnalysisPrimarks goals ar brinyly to win what the public needs in a non bad(predicate) flavour and a low worthd way. Seeing as Primark does not charge much money for any of the fruits that they sell, lot should be realising that the product would not last very wide as to a slap-uper extent expensive products that we would get at from former(a) store. The prices for Primarks Products ar all(prenominal) based on the feature of the product and its use which will all be taken into account when they price their products.Primarks business aims and objectivesPrimark aims for step-upd gross revenue by placing sales on a daily basis such as at the end of every season. For example, at the end of winter they fanny the winter products on half(a) price sales which is a vertical strategy for a business to use because stack will try to save money on products that they will be needing for the next winter and they command to be a step a point in time and prepared for the arrival of the next winter. They objective here would be to make certain that they do not price their products at a elevateder cost rather than a reason open and affordable price. Primark sell goods at a reasonable price and they want their clients to vex a variety of options to them, so Primark are go their clients good quality products at reasonable prices. This will be achieved by looking at their competitors and other stores, selling similar products, and mannering their prices lower than their competitors.Primark mainly aims to provide good quality products for their customers because they want their customers to realise that Primark is a good company. Just because they sell products at a very cheaper price, this does not typify that the products they sell are not good or at a bad quality. The main objectives in purchase parliamentary procedure to reach this aim will be to satisfy their customers and relieve oneself to a greater extent potential customers. This will be come ine by making sure that they provide the customers with good quality products in instal to grab potential customers. This will also help them to grab more(prenominal) potential customers as rise as letting their customers know that they sell good quality products.Primark makes sure that their aims and objectives are linked to SMART which includes their aims and objectives being specific meaning that the goal sewer be civil than a general goal and measurable meaning that they tail measure the progression that they are making to achieve the goal. Achievable, realistic and timely meaning that the aims and objectives can be achieved, realistic and can be ach ieved in the time they want to spend on achieving the aim.Primark aims to provide their customers with an excellent customer service which involves them being informal and helpful towards customers and staff. Primark wants the public to think that they are a friendly company, so that this makes their customers want to make sense patronize to their store if they live welcomed. Primarks objectives for this are to make sure that the staff treat and greet their customers properly. They are trying to achieve this by greeting customers as soon as possible and making them feel welcomed at Primark and they also ask if they want any help in baptistry they are shy(p) to ask for help, just to make it easier for their customers. This will also help them grab potential customers and which will mean that Primark will be benefiting from a range of areas such as increased sales, potential customers and etc.Primark has a policy to treat everybody the same and everybody direct their own rights . Primark wants to make their regular customers to feel comparable everyone is enured the same. Each and every customer are the same to Primark whether they have less money or split of money with them, Primark intends to treat all their customers as equals. Primark will achieve this by having an objective to making everyone in the store feel individual and also by making everyone feel like they are special and no different from one another.Primark aims to head young, fashion-conscious under(a) the age of 35s, offering them high quality and fashion basics at a reasonable pricing, so that it could be afforded by everyone and are value for the meter of money they buckle under.Making a good is one of Primarks main aims and the objective to achieve this aim would be to make sure that they get increased sales instead of decreased sales. Increased sales will help Primark to make a lot of profit and will also show them if they have boosted any new potential customers for Primark. T his will also help Primark know the performance of their staff such as if they are providing an excellent customer service because this will increase sales. Primark comes up with their own designs for array that would attract their targeted customers which would be the under 35 year olds and the young who like to be up-to date with the modish fashion. Gaining more potential customers would also ensure Primark making more profit than usual. Making a profit will also help Primark to expand their businessTotal revenue is the total amount of money that comes into the business, Primark from selling products or service that were originally designed by the business. The total revenue can be calculated byPESTPolitical Factorsthither are several political factors that could affect the good firm of Primark. One would be that if they were sued by their competitors for copying their similar products this will bring the market to a decline for Primark. Primark was brought to court and sued b y umpteen of their competitors for copying designs of their products. This has a major effect on Primark as a whole firm because if they maintain getting sued that will bring their market to a dusk and that is not great.In May 2004, Monsoon also to a faultk legal actions against Primark. Monsoon claimed that Primark had copied their 44 butterfly skirt, selling it at 11, as well as copying the Brittany top for girls. Primark charged around 23,000 by Monsoon which was also an go forth-of-court settlement and this was later on Primark admitting to the copies. In April 2005, Monsoon accused Primark of copying the designs of six more items that they claimed to have created. Primark was once again forced to transplant all of these products that monsoon sued them form, from all the Primark shops when Primark was threatened by Monsoon to take legal action.Primark was not sued just by Monsoon because in 2009, Primark was sued by Superdry for making a cheap take-off of their Brad jack et. Primark got an turn out-of-court settlement with high street fashion betray Superdry, after Primark was accused of copying one of the Superdrys leather jackets which was originally priced 174.99 at the Superdry store and the imitation was sold for 30 at Primark stores. This lead to Primark being sued which exposed that they were copying their competitors products which would have brought suspicion to all their other competitors on Primark. Primark was do to suffer the fiscal consequences of their illegal action that lead to a ruin of Primark.Political Analysis relates to the ability of the musical arrangement to adopt or follow on the different political initiatives that might affect the performance of the entire firm, so essentially this will affect Primark as a whole not just one Primark company the entire Primark companies and this will also include the headquarters. The administration might establish certain policies for Primark and these policies that are establishe d by the g everywherenment might divert the local priorities of all the Primark companies.The government has a role to contribute in estimating and also forecasting the success of downfall of the Primark. The government might regularly take action in the changes of financial and economic policies in at a certain point on how the economy reacts. As the government also holds the regulations that should be part of the businesss cycle. Examples of the several acts that the organisation needed for compliance included the health and safety devicety act, depend on discrimination act, disability discrimination act, data protection act, sales protection acts, consumers protection act and so on. It is highly recommended that the organisation should be reacting to the impact of any increase or decrease in tax income or even to the impact of the acts in their business.Economical Factors in that respect are many Economical factors that whitethorn affect Primark and which whitethorn cause Pri mark to fall behind of their competitors. Primark targets the young Customers specifically the under 35 year olds. In 2008, Primark opened over 12 new stores and has now moved its business around Europe. This is a successful event that took place for Primark in 2008 and this could be affected in the hereafter if they dont make sure that they keep up with the forever changing economy. This will have an effect on few of the aims and objectives that Primark aims achieve because Primarks potential customers would not have faith in them re hireable to them copying products of other retail merchants.The business environment is ever-changing, and it is crucial that Primark analyses the environmental factors correctly in rule to surrender them to adapt to changes that may arise in the future. If Primark fails to analyse the environment changes correctly, or if they do not pay enough attention to observing the environmental changes then there are chances of Primark missing out of vital opportunities and will certainly fall under massive threat. This will also help their competitors to get ahead of Primark and it would not be an easy matter to handle. It will take Primark a very long time to get back on track and make sure that they handle things properly and to argue with their competitors on the same level.Economic analysis will help the Primark answer the increases and decreases in refer place and its impact on their business or how a recession in the business cycle can affect their business as a whole. Primark has been recognised as one of the strongest businesses that can contribute a lot in the countrys Gross Domestic Product or GDP. In order to make Primark able to stand indifferent economic changes, there should be a strong financial fund that holds in the effects of recession as much in low exchange grade made by the import and export operations.Unemployment began to level off towards the end of 2011, and the beginning of 2012 saw the premier fall in almost a year. This would have affected Primark due to the fall of Unemployment it would have made it harder for Primark to recruit appropriate and sui give in staff for their companies which heart less staff and it would have put more pressure on the staff that are employed at Primark because they will have to complete two peoples tasks in a day. inflation could possibly be one of the factors to affect business. Inflation is actually a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a specific period of time. I dont think Inflation would affect my selected business, Primark because their products are a mainly fast-fashion and a decent cost and thats one of the main reasons that Primark makes a lot of profit and has many potential customers.Interest rates could also be a cause that affects the business. An interest rate is like the fee that you would have to pay as an interest which is paid by a borrower for the use of money that they borrowed from a l ender such as the Bank. So basically the charge for borrow money which is called Interest and Primark has also paid interests for the amount of money that they have borrowed of the bank. Primark has made sure that they pay back all the money that they have borrowed with the interest.Social FactorsPrimark has received several awards for being value retailer of the year and UK retailer of the year. This will mean that Primark has an favour of going abroad to other countries that they have not opened a Primark street store in those certain countries. Primark can now also good expand and diversify, giving its competitors such as Next, HM, New Look and so on, a belligerent environment with the large amount of financial power that they hold. Primark now operates from 5.4 million sq. ft. of selling space which gives them the advantage of providing more goods and services for their potential and usual customers.Primark has many competitors and the competitive rivalry is VERY senior high school as there are a number of similar size of itd companies in the market who are offering similar kinds of products and due to high cost on exit (Exit barrier). The threat of substitutes are also HIGH for Primark because other company are offering similar products that are offered by Primark with a lower price and now it is very easy for customer to switch from one product to other as they have a variety of products to choose from for cheaper prices.The threat of new competitors for Primark is LOW due to the high cost frame-up because new business cannot afford the amount of setup costs. Now-a-days banks tend to give loans for only larger businesses due to the smaller businesses not keep abreasting and failing to pay them back. Primark have number of smaller ones rather than relying on one big supplier. So here the negotiating power of suppliers is LOW with Primark and amount of Buyers power is HIGH, as the market has many multi companies in them and now customer have become more sensitive than in the first place towards the price that they pay for the products they purchase so they tend to visit every similar shores and then they come to an conclusion on where to pervert the product and this would include the switching cost which is also not too high.The economies of scale may also have an effect on certain businesses. An economy of scale is the increase in the effectiveness of output as the number of goods that are being produced by Primark increases. In general, a company such as Primark that achieves economies of scale lowers their average cost per unit by means of increased production seeing as fixed costs are shared over an increased number of goods.There are two compositors cases of economies of scale one which is an external economy, which means that the cost per unit depends on the size of the constancy, not the firm. The second type of economies of scale is internal economies which meaning the cost per unit depends on size of the individ ual firm.The taste and preferences of the buying population is on the priority of the business. If there are newly-marketed products, the organisation will surely find many other ways that they could develop their own design which would make them be on the leading market. This would show the ability of Primark in different social changes and challenges mainly when they have many competitors.There are lifestyle factors that may affect Primark because they will also have to think nigh what the customers want. Most customers expect to have the up-to-the-minute fashion with the cheapest demands, meaning they would like to keep up with the la turn up fashions and be able to get them for cheaper. This could also affect the aims and objectives of Primark because if the customers decide not to shop at Primark t would decrease their sales. This would have a major effect on one of their aims, which is to get increased sales and they business would be on a downfall.Technological FactorsThere are few technological factors that may affect the success of Primark and there are a number of technological factors that may help Primark succeed against their competitors.In Primarks bid for world class, cutting edge management of its ethical auditing programme, it has signed a fence with BSI Management Systems for the provision of Entropy Software. The investment in Entropy Software is a key part of Primarks ethical trade strategy, which will help calculate all supplier audits, non-conformances and remedial actions and also allow it to be managed through the Entropy Software platform, with much greater global visibility and management verify. This means that Primark would either be on the same level or ahead of most of their competitors with this software installed at their stores.However, Primark lacks on online shopping whereas MS have an online shopping which gives MS a head start and gives the leading position to them. This affects Primark because they do not own an online shopping system which most people shop on. Online shopping is one of the most essential things for Primark as most people are slow now-a-days and shop online. Moreover, most people tend to check out the new products that Primark has and customers will also want to find out if any products are on sale at Primark through online as well as shop.Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors can affect the business because if there was certain changes in the humour and environment. For example, if there was a sudden change in the sea levels, which would certainly have an effect on the transportation of supplies for Primark. If the goods are delayed for some time, this would decrease the sales for Primark and making them lose their potential customers that they have worked so hard to gain.Marketing activitiesMarketing mixmegahit has been applying huge amount of effort in achieving their aims and objectives and in being successful. Factors such as marketing mix, they are providing the best product they possibly can. The products are high in quality, and original. The pricing they are keeping it fair. They are not ripping of customers, the customers feel safe with them because the customers know keeping a link with smash hit mean they are happy with their pricing and the quality of their products.Furthermore, the placing is extraordinarily well they have situated their store in a place where the customers are able to find it easily. Blockbuster is situated in a place where they are closer to wherever the customers are. The smash hit organization knows what the best is for their customers, because of the carried out primary and secondary research. E.g. some primary research which smash hit looked into was test marketing and focus group. Test marketing involved a certain product being tested in certain market to an individual age groups and seeing where it fits the best. Secondary research was looking at their competitors work, how they are getting all their custo mers and trying to expand in that idea and link it to the ones which smash hit already has. So these types of secondary and primary research which smash hit carried out and managed to gain the success in scope their aims and objectives.To prove or disagree with that statement on the next page are graphs and graphs of a questionnaire on the customers who shop at blockbuster asking how well blockbuster are doing in their 4ps and the overall business itself.Team working collaborationHow the blockbuster team has effectively managed themselves in receiving their organisational aims and objectives. The meaning and importance of groups and team work in a business is essential. Work is a group based activity and if the organisation is to function effectively it requires collaboration and co-operation among members. In other words meaning any number of people who interact with one another are psychological aware of one another and perceive themselves to be a group.Group are characterist ics of all social situations and almost everyone in an organization with will be a member of one are more groups. The working of groups and influence they exert over their social station is an essential feature of human behaviour and of organisational performance. So one event which blockbuster team has collaborated is the nonstarter moment. Despite having the worst time and getting sued by Netflix, they were looking into their research more effectively. They looked at the 4ps carefully. They looked at the competitors way of gaining customers. The pricing, the productivity the quality of it and so on. The team work or the groups have co-operated with the business so well from going bankrupt they made the position of the business become number 1 in the lease retailing world.Questionnaire questions asked in the two different questionnaires are shown below for both questionnaires.Question on questionnaire sense of hearingWhat are your thoughts on the pricing on the products which bl ockbuster are holding them on? unexclusiveThe qualities of the products are they up to the standards and are they up to your satisfactionPublicThe promotional activities which blockbuster holds on cause are they the best So meaning should they reduce the price further or add extra accessories on to that hoi polloi and have it for longer periods of time.PublicThe placing of blockbuster is it situated in a place where you can easily get to it and find it easy to find Is it the best place to reach the audience so customers?publicOverall, blockbuster how good are they doing in their business, so are they achieving the best, most customers, and good quality products and so on?publicThe top questionnaire is a public based questionnaire which I turn over out to those who shop at blockbuster and are working in place. The bottom questionnaire is a school-age child based questionnaire. Why I chose to do two different questionnaire is because they will help me get the good sess of two d ifferent classes. Public side will tell me what they think of blockbuster rental industry, through what they can afford because they work. The student questionnaire is a based questionnaire on what they think of blockbuster rental industry because they buy mostly from blockbuster, e.g. games. The students will be saying what is good about blockbuster by not thinking of what the price of the products are, and how they are given out. Because they dont workQuestionsAudienceWhat are your thoughts on the pricing of blockbuster products?StudentsWhat are your thoughts on the products of blockbuster?StudentsWhat are your dupes on the promotional activities on the blockbuster deals?StudentsWhat are your views on the place where blockbuster store is nearest to you?StudentsWhat is the overall view on the blockbuster rental industry?StudentsThe two questionnaires are compared at the bottom, which shows what they have in common and what they dont and there you can see why I chose to do two diff erent questionnaires. The different in minds and the classes they are in.Question 1) pricing of blockbuster?School publicWhat the questionnaire found out for me from the students is that positive feedbacks may include something along the line that it is the value the pricing should be for their products because the value of the product is in high quality, the shimmer renting and the buying of the movies or games are up to the customer s expectation. Furthermore you can buy membership for rent, so the students thought that that was a good deal.The public replied by the same branch of answer. The pricing for games as an example, is that high because firstly they are high quality, online severed, amazing graphics and the game modes. The movies are high definition. So the public graph shows the nearly the same sort of positivity and the amount of numbers racket which they thoughts was the right pricing. ostracise feedback may be along the line of that it is expensive. So opposing what the positive feedback all think to. They dont think the quality is up to what they think is right and so on. negatively charged feedback which I got back was that they are expensive. Again opposing the positive feedback. Some say that due to their pay they cant buy it but overall, its good.The two pie charts above show the difference in views in acknowledgment of blockbuster from the students in Drayton manor high school and the people in workplaces or outside in public. The pricing of blockbuster utilizes where the faults and the goods are for this company or blockbuster. In general impairment pricing is simply what the company gives their products in order to sell the most goods from their stores. In the bottom table you can see how the two graphs show the differences in themselves and the similarities in them self selves. Or moreover the disadvantages and the advantages blockbuster got in their pricing strategies.Overall, blockbuster has a good quantity of numbers supporting t he goods of pricing. E.g. blockbusters are sightly global leaders through this. More and more people are renting their movies and games and buying them also. So blockbusters have been doing fairly good with their pricing but however. More people are downloading the movies and games of online for free. This put blockbuster into gaining loses of customers. So their profit level went done by miles. This also gives a bad impact on them reaching their aims and objectives.Question 2) quality of productivity?School publicFirstly, products are simply what the market provides to its target audience. The charts above show the different thoughts on what they think of the productivity of the blockbuster products.The positive feedback which I concluded to get from the students was that they are up to what they expect to get. notwithstanding some thinks that the products that blockbuster provides are of other companies like Disney or other game software companies. So it doesnt actually count to what the products of blockbuster are up to high standards.What the positive feedback which I gained were that they were not scratched up, they worked properly. So you can see in the chart everyone ticked yes so full 10 people agreed that the blockbuster provide the best productivity they can offer.electronegative feedback which I received about the products were that they are angry with the quantity of how many of the same product blockbuster has got. Some students went to buy fifa they get the result of we are out of stock for that product. So the quantity of the product matters when dealing with the productivity of any company.As you can see that the negative feedback which got was nothing. Because everyone I asked ticked yes. They did not objective with the productivity of the product of blockbuster.Overall, the productivity of the product from blockbuster is too what the customers expect. Blockbuster neer had any complains about their products and they got positive feedback a bout their products. Blockbuster however, been unable to get the most amounts of people to buy their product. Because their competitor has been stealing their customers with their online movies watching site. With amazing quality and the best they can provide. So with the productivity blockbuster has been doing great but Netflix beats them by an inch of better nests. So competition is a main obstacle in reaching their required aims and objectives, so blockbuster must know what to do in order to restore its profit levelsQuestion 3? Promotional activities?School publicPromotion is type of communication that uses discordant methods to reach its target audience in order to sell the best and tranquil gain the scene profit.Positive responses which I had been given by some of the students were the promotion types which blockbuster gives out are pretty effective. Why? Some say that it attracts the customers in varies different ways. Firstly, the deal itself. What it is? Secondly, the pric ing, so what the deal is ended up adding to and how much of amount disc for movies and games can be bought.Positive feedback which was given to me by the public was as follow. The deals which blockbuster gives out are always amazing to look up to. They dont give a slight dissatisfaction of what the deal disapprove them by. So any bad faults.Negative feedback such as they dont have the best for their deals. They are simple. In order to gain more customers they need to promote their promotions through TV and billboards maybe.Negative feedback which I received back where they were placid high in pricing. They may have some deals which give out 5-10 DVDs but people just download it from the net income for free and for high quality.The promotional activities for blockbuster have been effective in gaining various customers. However people just download the movies or get pirate copies for 2. They can get cheapest games from gaming sites such as steam. Steam is an online gaming site wher e you can buy games including the latest ones like fifa 13 and mw3 and play them on your pc for the same type quality on the gaming consoles. So blockbuster may have great deals but, people dont buy from them they download it free of the internet and or buy it for cheaper room online gaming sites like steam. Again blockbuster must research the competitions. There is not only Netflix or game, but online gaming sites like steam so this is a let-down for blockbuster they got ruined by an online gaming site.Question 4) the placing.School publicBlockbuster which I looked at is in tungsten Ealing the nearest blockbuster to my house and to those who I have asked to fill out my questionnaire.Positive feedbacks were basically as simple as the blockbuster store is near my house. Or it is around the corner. Blockbuster is on high street of west Ealing so they are seen without having the people for them or their store. They are easy to find. But most importantly they are close to their houses. Positive feedbacks were the same as the section for the students. Some whys which were the response were they are closer to their housings and in the main shopping centre to where they live. So in this case it is west Ealing. People say they can just walk to their nearest blockbuster so its great for them.Negative feedback not given because nobody though blockbuster had a bad placing.Negative feedback was they are not more than one blockbuster around their housing area. So in west Ealing there is only one blockbuster, none in Ealing Broadway and other towns. So they need to extend their store to further reaches.Blockbuster placing of their stores in fact done great for them, because whenever you enter west Ealing that is the first store you see. Most importantly it is the only blockbuster store you will find. Why this is a good thing, blockbuster will get all of its customers to that coming store so they will receive the great deal of profit and customers. However not having a block buster everywhere or every town, such as Ealing Broadway customers or consumer will go to their nearest gaming store. So Ealing Broadway has Argos or game or other stores like him. So blockbuster has lost in profit and customers due to this point.Question 5) overall view of the business.School publicOverall view of blockbuster, means it include the 4ps and the whole business layout itself. Meaning the staff, the stores and what the business should, does provide.Some positive feedback which I got back from the students was that the students thought that the deals which blockbuster gave were amazing. E.g. game like call of duty, if you pre order it and get at midnight on the day comes out you get it for 2. So the students enjoy these kinds of deals and thats why the students think that blockbuster is the best store.Positive feedbacks are simple being just a great shop and the place for to rent and buy DVDs. The staffs are helpful they tell you about any timid products, they will give you feedback and their personal views on the product. So you if are buying it you wont trouble buying it.Negative feedbacks were that they werent enough stores in London. They need to build more stores in order to gain that max profit and take on their competitors like Netflix or game. Or as I previously said online gaming site named steam.Negative feedbacks were as follow, they said that it was slow on customer service and the stock levels. What that means whenever someone goes to buy something, blockbuster dont have it or its for viewing only.Overall, the business has done great but for them to reach their aims and objectives they need to build more stores to reach their max profit and not go bankrupt. Blockbusters have gone bankrupt by Netflix. Blockbuster has been sued for coping Netflix ideas which concluded the future of blockbuster into bankruptcy. No customers went with them. No nothing bought and rent. So overall blockbuster has been having difficulties in life of its sto res but blockbuster still managed to achieve the aims and objectives it has dreamt of. So global leadership is still highly stated with blockbuster, they still are in front of Netflix, they are still the best rental type. All this because they knew what they were doing. The 4ps were defined well. So the right pricing, good quality products, and so on. Blockbuster may of have been deflected in many ways but they stood their ground and did achieve their biggest aim of global leadership in the rental retailing world.Manager response to the success of business in achieving their aims and objectivesIn order to reach the aims and objectives, the manager gives me an answer of management and control. In the discussion the role of the manager attention was drawn to the need of staff and importance of control over the performance of other peoples work.Organisation implies control. A social organization is an ordered arrangement of individual human interaction. attend process help keep them conformant to the rational plan of organizational. Organization requires a certain amount of conformity as well as the integration of diverse activities. It is the functional of control to bring about conformance to organisational requirement and achievement of the eventual(prenominal) purpose of the organizational. This shows that team work is an important factor in running blockbuster rental retailers.Control and management is essential in order to get the best out of the staff as a manger. In order to reach the max potential to gain the organizational aims and objectives you will need control on the staff.Furthermore you need control over the 4ps in order for the business to succeed in their aims and objectives. Control over the 4ps is essential. Control over the 4ps meaning full success on the business profit lines and aims and objectives. 4ps meaning control on place, product, promotion and price. The business needs to know what has the best meaning of customer needs is. They need to find out their expectation and what they can afford. This can help the business achieve their aims and objectives.